2026-06-13T02:48:15Z https://meral.edu.mm/oai

oai:meral.edu.mm:recid/6288 2021-12-13T05:02:23Z 1582963342780:1605779935331 user-uit

Advantage of Initiative Revisited: A case study using Scrabble AI Htun Pa Pa Aung Hiroyuki Iida This paper explores the advantage of initiative using Scrabble as a test bed. Recently, a list of solved two-person zerosum games with perfect information has increased. Among them, most of the games are a win for the first player (i.e., the advantage of initiative), some are draws, and only a few games are a win for the second player. Self-play experiments using Scrabble AIs were performed in this study. The results show that the player who established an advantage in the early opening took higher win expectancy. This implies that the advantage of initiative should be reconsidered to apply for all levels including nearly perfect players. Thus, we meet a new challenge to improve the rules of a game to maintain the fairness. The game of Scrabble gives an interesting example while giving a randomized initial position. This discussion can be extended to other domains when AI becomes much stronger or smarter than before. 2018-11-02 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12678/0000006288 https://meral.edu.mm/records/6288