<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?>
<OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd">
  <responseDate>2026-10-25T09:10:26Z</responseDate>
  <request verb="GetRecord" identifier="oai:meral.edu.mm:recid/00008891" metadataPrefix="oai_dc">https://meral.edu.mm/oai</request>
  <GetRecord>
    <record>
      <header>
        <identifier>oai:meral.edu.mm:recid/00008891</identifier>
        <datestamp>2024-05-27T03:50:13Z</datestamp>
        <setSpec>1582963436320</setSpec>
        <setSpec>1582963436320:1707206749823</setSpec>
      </header>
      <metadata>
        <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd">
          <dc:title>Leadership Styles of Managers in Private Insurance Companies in Myanmar (Ma Htwe Ei Thaw Lwin, 2018)</dc:title>
          <dc:creator>Htwe Ei Thaw Lwin</dc:creator>
          <dc:description>The purposes of this study were to explore the leadership styles of managers in
Insurance Companies in Myanmar, to explore the outcomes of leadership styles of
managers. Leadership styles included transformational leadership, transactional
leadership and laissez-faire leadership. The outcomes consisted of extra effort,
effectiveness, and organizational commitment. The data was collected from three
private insurance companies that engaged in coinsurance agreement with the sample
size of 50 managers and 125 subordinates. The managers responded about selfperceived
leadership styles. The subordinates responded about their perception of
managers' leadership styles and its effect on performance outcomes. The result
showed that the insurance sector is a female dominant sector, echoed with the young
and well-educated workforce. The results clearly found that managers are more
inclined to transformational leadership style rather than transactional leadership style.
Managers do active management-by-exception more than other transactional
leadership characteristics. There exists such leadership outcomes as extra effort,
effectiveness, satisfaction, affective commitment and normative cornmitment,
however, continuance commitment is weak. In addition, it found that the more
managers practice transformational leadership skills, the more employees' outcomes
can be expected whereas transactional and laissez-faire styles could not help
employees commit to their organization. If leaders remain unable to develop
transformational leadership skills.through experience, they can exhibit these skills
through trainings.</dc:description>
          <dc:date>2018-06-01</dc:date>
          <dc:identifier>https://meral.edu.mm/records/8891</dc:identifier>
        </oai_dc:dc>
      </metadata>
    </record>
  </GetRecord>
</OAI-PMH>
